The chromosomes are the genetic information within the cell
Within the nucleus à chromosomes are found à they are composed of DNA(in a shape known as the double helix) à sections of the DNA are called genes, these carry the information for the construction of à proteins which controls the production of à the characteristics (e.g. blood type)
Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes, Humans have 46 whilst cats have 38.
Chromosomes operate in pairs known as the homologous pairs, the homologous nature is based on the length of the chromosome. There are 2 versions each characteristic contained in the gene, which can be found in the same place within the homologous pair.
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